Does ETS publish a Writing rubric-score-to-band conversion?

No. ETS publishes the 0–5 rater rubric for the open-response Writing tasks and the 1–6 band scale separately, with no stated formula linking the two. The band shown here is a Reach120 practice estimate, not an ETS figure.

How is the band estimate calculated?

This tool applies one documented formula (1 + rubric score, clamped to 1–6 and rounded to the nearest half band) — the same conversion used across Reach120’s own Writing reports, so a practice score never means two different things on two different pages.

What does Build a Sentence count for in this calculator?

Nothing directly — Build a Sentence is scored 1 raw point per item, not the 0–5 rubric, so it has no single rubric score to enter here. It still contributes to the Writing section band through set-level accuracy when a full section is scored.

Is this an official TOEFL Writing score?

No. Official TOEFL scores are issued only by ETS. This estimate is for practice planning only.

Free tool · no account · sourced

TOEFL® Writing score calculator (2026 format): raw points to band

Name: Reach120
Author: Reach120

Written by the Reach120 research teamReviewed August 23, 2026

Two ways in. Enter your points on each Writing task — the ten Build a Sentence items, the Email and the Academic Discussion, 20 raw points in all — or enter a single averaged 0–5 rubric score. Either way you get the 1–6 band estimate, the CEFR level and the previous 0–30 range. ETS publishes no rubric-to-band formula and none for raw points either, so every conversion step here is marked as a Reach120 practice estimate and everything downstream of it is ETS’s own table.

From your raw points on each Writing task

The 2026 Writing section carries 20 raw points across three task types, and ten of them come from Build a Sentence items that no rubric score represents. Enter what you scored on each task to read the band those points estimate to.

Your points on each Writing task

Build a Sentence10 items at 1 point each · 10 points maximum · Machine Scored

Write an Email1 item, 5 points · 5 points maximum · AI Scored

Write for an Academic Discussion1 item, 5 points · 5 points maximum · AI Scored

Raw points

11 of 20

Writing band estimate

CEFR

Previous 0–30 Writing range

17–20

The raw-points-to-band step is a Reach120 practice estimate. The point values for each task are listed in the 2026 TOEFL specification, and the CEFR level and previous-scale range beside a band are transcribed from published ETS tables.

Every Writing band and the raw points that reach it

Writing band estimate, the raw points that reach it, CEFR and previous 0–30 range
Band estimate	Raw points (of 20)	CEFR	Previous 0–30 range
6	19–20 raw points	C2	29–30
5.5	17–18 raw points	C1	27–28
5	15–16 raw points	C1	24–26
4.5	13–14 raw points	B2	21–23
4	11–12 raw points	B2	17–20
3.5	9–10 raw points	B1	15–16
3	7–8 raw points	B1	13–14
2.5	5–6 raw points	A2	11–12
2	3–4 raw points	A2	7–10
1.5	1–2 raw points	A1	3–6
1	0 raw points	A1	0–2

Where the 20 points come from

Build a Sentence — 10 items at 1 point each, 10 points
Write an Email — 1 item at 5 points each, 5 points
Write for an Academic Discussion — 1 item at 5 points each, 5 points

The Writing section carries 20 raw points — 10 × Build a Sentence at 1 each, 1 × Write an Email at 5 each, 1 × Write for an Academic Discussion at 5 each — as listed in TOEFL iBT Test: 2026 Update — Test Blueprint and Specifications Document, read 2026-08-23. Turning those raw points into a 1–6 band is a Reach120 practice estimate and not an ETS conversion: no rubric-to-band or raw-to-band mapping has been published, so this uses the single linear family documented in docs/scoring/BAND-CONVERSION.md. The CEFR level and the previous 0–30 range shown beside a band come from ETS's own tables.

From a single Writing rubric score

If what you hold is one averaged 0–5 rubric score for the open-response tasks rather than a task-by-task breakdown, convert it here instead.

Your Writing rubric score (0–5)

Writing band estimate

3.5

CEFR

Previous 0–30 Writing range

15–16

The rubric-to-band step is a Reach120 practice estimate (ETS publishes no rubric-to-band conversion). The CEFR level and the previous-scale range that band corresponds to are ETS's own published tables.

Every Writing rubric score, converted

Writing rubric score, Reach120 band estimate, CEFR and previous 0–30 range
Writing rubric (0–5)	Band estimate	CEFR	Previous 0–30 range
0.0	1	A1	0–2
0.5	1.5	A1	3–6
1.0	2	A2	7–10
1.5	2.5	A2	11–12
2.0	3	B1	13–14
2.5	3.5	B1	15–16
3.0	4	B2	17–20
3.5	4.5	B2	21–23
4.0	5	C1	24–26
4.5	5.5	C1	27–28
5.0	6	C2	29–30

The rubric column is the 0–5 rater scale ETS uses for writing's open-response tasks. The band column is a Reach120 practice estimate (1 + rubric score, clamped 1–6 and rounded to the nearest half band — the one conversion documented in docs/scoring/BAND-CONVERSION.md). The CEFR and previous-scale columns are ETS's own published tables for whichever band that row lands on.

Where a Writing band sits among past test takers

ETS has published no percentile ranks for the 1–6 scale. It has published them for the retired 0–30 Writing scale, measured on the 2024 test-taker group, and our percentiles page composes those with the band pairing, with the method and its limits stated in full.

Practice a scored Writing task free Convert an overall score

One page per value, if you want the answer without the tool

Each of these answers one narrow question from the same sourced tables this page uses, and states the date those sources were last checked.

Every Writing rubric score from 0 to 5

Common questions

Does ETS publish a Writing rubric-score-to-band conversion?: No. ETS publishes the 0–5 rater rubric for the open-response Writing tasks and the 1–6 band scale separately, with no stated formula linking the two. The band shown here is a Reach120 practice estimate, not an ETS figure.
How is the band estimate calculated?: This tool applies one documented formula (1 + rubric score, clamped to 1–6 and rounded to the nearest half band) — the same conversion used across Reach120’s own Writing reports, so a practice score never means two different things on two different pages.
What does Build a Sentence count for in this calculator?: Nothing directly — Build a Sentence is scored 1 raw point per item, not the 0–5 rubric, so it has no single rubric score to enter here. It still contributes to the Writing section band through set-level accuracy when a full section is scored.
Is this an official TOEFL Writing score?: No. Official TOEFL scores are issued only by ETS. This estimate is for practice planning only.

The next step

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Every tool here is free and needs no account. Each is reviewed 90 days after it ships: a tool that earns no measurable use is retired rather than left to rot, and its page says so on the way out. This one shipped on 2026-08-06, so its kill-rule review falls due on 2026-11-04.

Nothing you type here is stored or sent anywhere — the tool runs in your browser. This tool does not issue or predict an official score; official TOEFL^® scores are issued only by ETS. Reach120 is not affiliated with or endorsed by ETS; TOEFL is a registered trademark of ETS, used here only to name the test this tool is about.

Sourced from the ETS 2026 test specifications, read 2026-07-27 (link confirmed 2026-08-24). Reach120 is an independent practice tool, not affiliated with or endorsed by ETS; the document is named here only to say what this page practices.

Task point values: the 2026 TOEFL specification, read 2026-08-23. Raw-to-band and rubric-to-band conversions: docs/scoring/BAND-CONVERSION.md. CEFR and previous-scale tables transcribed from ETS, read 2026-08-06.